Between Privacy and Risk: Health Implications Linked to the Use of Sexual Wellness Devices among Female Students in Nigerian Universities
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Abstract
The use of sexual wellness devices among female university students is an emerging phenomenon in Nigeria, with implications for sexual health, mental well-being, and healthcare utilization. This study examined the accessibility, utilization patterns, hygiene practices, perceived benefits, reported symptoms, and healthcare-seeking behaviours associated with sexual wellness device use among female students across fifteen federal universities. A cross-sectional survey was conducted among 600 female students, supplemented with key informant interviews (KIIs) and focus group discussions (FGDs) involving university health workers, including gynaecology nurses and medical officers. Data were collected using structured questionnaires for students and semi-structured interview guides for health workers, and analyzed using descriptive and thematic approaches. Findings revealed that vibrators were the most commonly used devices (68%), with online vendors being the primary source (59%). Usage patterns varied from occasional to frequent use, often influenced by peer networks and personal autonomy. Hygiene practices were inconsistent, with only 41% of students reporting regular cleaning before and after use, while 16% admitted to sharing devices. Students reported several health symptoms, including vaginal itching (31%), abnormal discharge (27%), and lower abdominal discomfort (19%), yet healthcare utilization was low; 41% relied on self-medication and 29% sought no treatment. Despite these risks, students reported benefits such as sexual satisfaction, stress relief, improved sleep, and body awareness. Findings from KIIs and FGDs highlighted stigma, lack of guidance, and limited youth-friendly services as key barriers to safe use and timely healthcare access. The study recommends systematic sexual health education, safe use guidelines, and confidential healthcare services to promote responsible use of sexual wellness devices and mitigate associated health risks among female students.
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